Prescription Drugs

Some of the most commonly used prescription drugs for non-medical purposes are opioids (such as codeine and oxycodone) and benzodiazepines (such as diazepam)[48572]. Prescription opioids are prescribed for pain relief after surgery or for pain caused by a life-limiting illness such as cancer, while benzodiazepines are usually prescribed for short-term use to help people with anxiety or sleep difficulties [53033][53034].

Longer term use of some prescription drugs for non-medical purposes can lead to physical and psychological dependence (addiction) and other harms, including unintentional overdose. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are more at risk of unintentional overdose [53033][51633]. While opioids and benzodiazepines are the most common prescription drugs associated with unintentional overdose, other prescription drugs such as antidepressants and antipsychotics also contribute.

Health workers and pharmacists are an important source of information on safe use of prescription medicines. Creating a culturally safe environment and working in partnership with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities and health services, can support the safe use of prescription medicines more effectively [45688].

For information on treatment options for opioid dependence and other drugs see also the section on Pharmacotherapies in the Harm Reduction Portal.